Notes
to the Rigveda Page (http://www.detlef108.de/Rigveda.htm)
1. The Aufrecht/van
Nooten/Holland (Samhita) version of the Rigveda.
1.1 In this text accented vowels have udatta
or 'independent svarita' markers. Kampas are not shown. Words are separated
without breaking sandhis. Ch is not doubled as in gachati. Final m of a word is
not changed to anusvara before a following labial stop consonant (p, ph, b, bh,
m).
Examples:
agním īḻe puróhitaṁ yajńásya devám ṛtvíjam | 1.1.1ab (udāttas: í, ó, á), (words are separated: agním īḻe, devám ṛtvíjam) evā́ hy ŕsya sūnŕ̥tā virapśī́ gómatī mahī́ | 1.8.8ab (independent svarita: hy ŕ)
makṣv ětthā́
dhiyā́
yó rāyň 'vánir mahā́n
supāráḥ sunvatáḥ sákhā | 1.4.10ab (long kampa is not shown: ň)
sá íd devéṣu gachati || 1.1.4c (ch is not doubled)
krátum bṛhántam
āśāthe || 1.2.8c (m before b)
1.2 Aufrecht observes a sandhi rule (Ṛgveda-Prātiśākhya
4.36) which says that a final visarga is dropped before a sibilant which is
followed by a voiceless consonant (ḥ + (ś, ṣ, s) + voiceless consonant = (ś, ṣ, s) + voiceless consonant). See the list
of all dropped visargas. The printed Ṛigveda Saṁhitās do
not observe this sandhi rule.
Examples:
stokā́ ścotanti médasaḥ
| 3.21.2b (Pada-Pāṭha: stokā́ḥ ścotanti)
yáju ṣkannám prathamáṃ
devayā́nam | 10.181.3 (Pada-Pāṭha: yájuḥ skannám)
sákhāya stómavāhasaḥ
|| 1.5.1c (Pada-Pāṭha: sákhāyaḥ stómavāhasaḥ)
téṣāṃ na sphātím
ā́ yaja || 1.188.9c (Pada-Pāṭha: naḥ sphātím)
1.3 Aufrecht does not observe an optional sandhi rule (Ṛgveda-Prātiśākhya
4.17) which says that t is inserted between a final n followed by s. Most of
the printed Ṛigveda Saṁhitās insert t between n and s.
Examples:
asmā́n sú 1.9.6a
(instead of asmā́nt sú)
vajrin sákhīnām || 1.30.11c
(instead of vajrint sákhīnām)
1.4 The text reads uloká. All printed Saṁhitās and Pada-Pāṭhas write u loká.
Examples:
cakrathur ulokám || 1.93.6d
akṛṇor ulokám || 10.180.3d
Max Müller: “Considering all this, I feel as convinced as it is
possible to be in such matters, that in all the passages where u loká occurs
and where it means space, carričre ouverte, freedom, we ought to read uloká;
but in spite of this I could never bring myself to insert this word, of which
neither the authors of the Brâhmanas nor the writers of the Prâtisâkhyas
or even later grammarians had any idea, into the text. On the contrary, I
should here, too, consider it most useful to leave the traditional reading, and
to add the corrections in the margin, ...“ (Vedic Hymns, Part I (SBE32), by Max Müller, [1891], http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/sbe32/sbe3209.htm)
1.5 Since I downloaded the 10 files of
the van
Nooten/Holland (Samhita) version of the Rigveda in 2002 I found some errors
and corrected the text. In 2009 I found additional corrections marked with \!\
in the Ṛigveda Saṁhitā on the TITUS
website. The reading uloká
(see 1.4) I restored to the traditional reading u loká. For the complete list
see Corrections. In addition
to these corrections the revised
van Nooten/Holland version of Rigveda shows doubling of Ch and restored
visargas (see 1.2).
2.
Ṛgveda-Saṁhitā
(Transliteration)
The source is the corrected Aufrecht/van
Nooten/
2.1 The transliterated text is shown with traditional
accents (anudāttas,dependent svaritas, and independent svaritas including kampas).Words
are separated without breaking sandhis. Ch is doubled as in gacchati according
to the rules of Ṛgveda-Prātiśākhya. The final m of a word
is not changed to anusvara before a following labial stop consonant (p, ph, b,
bh, m).
Examples:
a̱gnim ī̍ḻe pu̱rohi̍taṁ ya̱jńasya̍ de̱vam ṛ̱tvija̍m | 1.1.1ab (anudāttas: a̱, u̱, e̱, ṛ̱), (dependent svaritas: ī̍, i̍, a̍), (words are separated: a̱gnim ī̍ḻe, de̱vam ṛ̱tvija̍m)
e̱vā hy a̍sya sū̱nṛtā̍ vira̱pśī goma̍tī ma̱hī | 1.8.8ab (independent svarita: hy a̍)
ma̱kṣv i1̱̍tthā dhi̱yā na̍rā || 1.2.6c (short kampa: i1̱̍)
yo rā̱yo̱3̱̍ 'vani̍r ma̱hān su̍pā̱raḥ su̍nva̱taḥ sakhā̍ | 1.4.10ab (long kampa: o̱3̱̍)
sa id de̱veṣu̍ gacchati || 1.1.4c (ch is doubled: cch) kratu̍m bṛ̱hanta̍m āśāthe || 1.2.8c (m before b)
2.2 The visargas dropped in the Aufrecht edition (see 1.2) have been restored in the ITRANS and UTF-8 files (see list of the restored visargas).
2.4 The traditional reading u loká has been restored (see 1.4)
Examples:
ya̱jńāya̍ cakrathur u lo̱kam || 1.93.6d
de̱vebhyo̍ akṛṇor u lo̱kam || 10.180.3d
3.
Ṛgveda-Saṁhitā
(Devanāgarī)
The source is the corrected Aufrecht/van
Nooten/
3.1 The Devanāgarī text is shown with traditional accents
(anudāttas,dependent svaritas, and independent svaritas including
kampas).Words are connected. Ch is doubled as in gacchati according to the rules
of Ṛgveda-Prātiśākhya. The final m of a word is changed to
anusvara before a following labial stop consonant (p, ph, b, bh, m).
Examples:
अ॒ग्निमी॑ळे पु॒रोहि॑तं य॒ज्ञस्य॑ दे॒वमृ॒त्विज॑म् । 1.1.1ab
(anudāttas: अ॒, पु॒, दे॒, मृ॒), (dependent svaritas: मी॑, हि॑, स्य॑, ज॑), (words are connected: अ॒ग्निमी॑ळे, दे॒वमृ॒त्विज॑म्)
ए॒वा ह्य॑स्य सू॒नृता॑ विर॒प्शी गोम॑ती म॒ही । 1.8.8ab (independent svarita: ह्य॑ )
म॒क्ष्वि१॒॑त्था धि॒या न॑रा ॥ 1.2.6c (short kampa: क्ष्वि१॒॑ )
यो रा॒यो॒३॒॑ऽवनि॑र्म॒हान्सु॑पा॒रः सु॑न्व॒तः सखा॑ । 1.4.10ab (long kampa: यो॒३॒॑ )
स इद्दे॒वेषु॑ गच्छति ॥ 1.1.4c (छ is doubled: च्छ )
क्रतुं॑ बृ॒हन्त॑माशाथे ॥ 1.2.8c (anusvara before बृ॒)
3.2 The visargas dropped in the Aufrecht edition (see 1.2) have been restored in the ITRANS and UTF-8 files (see list of the restored visargas).
3.3 In Devanāgarī unicode (RV-D-UTF8.html, RV-D-NA-SNR-UTF8.html, RV-with-Padapatha-D-UTF8.html) t is inserted between n and s.
Examples: १.९.६a अ॒स्मान्त्सु तत्र॑ चोद॒येन्द्र॑ रा॒ये रभ॑स्वतः
अ॒स्मान् । सु । तत्र॑ । चो॒द॒य॒ । इन्द्र॑ । रा॒ये । रभ॑स्वतः ।
१.३०.११c सखे॑ वज्रि॒न्त्सखी॑नाम् ॥
सखे॑ । व॒ज्रि॒न् । सखी॑नाम् ॥१.३०.११॥ 3.4 The traditional reading u loká has been restored (see 1.4)
Examples: य॒ज्ञाय॑ चक्रथुरु लो॒कम् ॥ 1.93.6d
दे॒वेभ्यो॑ अकृणोरु लो॒कम् ॥ 10.180.3d
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